Palladium 5 Gramm / Liter

Our White Bronze Brush Plating Solution plates an anti microbial layer of white bronze onto a range of different metals. It can be used instead of nickel because it has a similar hardness has a similar colour can be used to plate a barrier layer between gold on to copper and its alloys We recommend you use our platinum range of electrodes with our white bronze plating solution. Please note: This white bronze plating solution solution is air-sensitive so when you’re not using it, keep the lid tightly shut and try to reduce the air space remaining in the bottle. You can do this by adding marbles or glass beads to the bottle or squeezing out the excess air at the top of the bottle. You can also store the solution in a special syringe that’s available on the online shop. We recommend this solution is stored long-term between 2 – 5 °C. Please use this solution within 4 weeks of purchase. If you don’t follow these precautions then the tin component in the white bronze plating solution will degenerate. Our white bronze brush plating solution is a truly multi-functional product. Because of its anti microbial properties, one of its most important applications is to plate a protective, non-toxic nickel coloured layer onto stainless steel door handles and other touch points, reducing the incidence of microbial transmission. Click on the tab to the right of this to watch a video of a door handle being white bronze plated in-situ. If you’re planning on creating gold plated copper jewellery or any other decorative or functional item made out of copper that will regularly be worn or handled, white bronze plating is an excellent choice for plating that essential barrier layer between the gold plating and the base layer copper. It is essential because without a barrier layer, the gold plate will eventually diffuse into the copper (including it alloys such as brass) which will result in a patchy, unattractive surface. In the past, nickel plating was used as a barrier layer, but nickel is now banned in the manufacture of jewellery in the EU and so white bronze is the effective, non-toxic and inexpensive alternative. Please be aware that copper jewellery that will be in constant, close contact with the skin (such as earrings or rings) isn’t suitable for this process. Although white bronze plating is non-toxic, it won’t prevent the underlying copper eventually reacting with the skin, leaving greenish markings. For this reason we suggest that white bronze barrier layers are best on pendants that are designed to be worn over clothes, brooches or belt buckles etc.  Operating Conditions and Deposit Data Voltage range 3.2 – 3.5 volts (see notes) Temperature 18 – 25 °C (optimum: 22 °C) Electrode Platinum or copper (see notes) Recommended swab Extra Fluffy Swab Typical copper/tin ratio in plate (%wt/wt) 42:58 (see notes and  X-ray analysis below Plating Rate at (3.2 volts, Platinum electrode) Approx. 0.7 micron per minute (spot) Plating Rate at (3.5 volts, Platinum electrode) Approx. 1.5 micron per minute (spot) Hardness (micro Vickers 10g load) 450 – 500 Hv Density of deposit 8.6 – 8.8 g/cm3 Melting point 800 – 850 °C Stress Medium-high stress (see notes) Special storage requirements Long-term storage: between 2 – 5 °C (see notes) Air sensitive(see notes) Shelf life Use within 4 weeks of purchase and store  between 2 – 5 °CImportant: See notes Health and Safety classification Harmful Special considerations Avoid excess air space during storage (see notes) Transport (UN number) None: Not classified as dangerous for transport   Notes: Increasing the voltage increases the plating rate. An increase offrom 3.0 volts to 3.5 volts more than doubles the plating rate. Increasing the voltage causes the copper to tin ratio to increase. If using copper electrodes, use a voltage range of 2.6 – 3.1 volts. Stress can be relieved by heating to 260 °C for 1 hour. Important note: When coming out oflong term storage, allow solution to reach room temperature before use. As the solution ages, the copper content of the plate increases. Just before plating, we recommend that the work piece be warmedby placing it under a tap to approximately 30 °C. Thickness and consistency will vary over the item. Please refer to ourX-ray analysis illustrating these variations. Please note: This is an air-sensitive solution. When not in use,keep the lid tightly shut and take measures to minimise theair space remaining in the bottle. These can include adding marblesor glass beads to the bottle or squeezing out the excess air at thetop of the bottle. You can also store the solution in a special syringethat’s available on the online shop.Failure to observe the above precautions will result in the degenerationof the tin component in the solution.Please click on the ‘Examples’ tab below for suggestions on howto minimise air contamination.

Graphite round rod - Graphite rod anode - Graphite electrode for gold plating.  Graphite electrodes are ultimate for all coatings. The advantage is that in some coatings with stainless steel electrodes, the dislodged metal parts disturb the coating. This does not happen with graphite electrodes, because graphite also filters out contaminated liquids. With bath electroplating, they also need to be replaced occasionally as they slowly dissolve during the plating process.   With pad electroplating, simply loosen the screw on the handle and replace with a new one.   Diameter 6 mm, length approx. 9 cm    Features Used for Doesn’t contaminate Cleaner Activating and electro-cleaning  Its resistive properties help to heat the solution you’re plating with Chromium plating, which needs to be plated at 25 degrees celsius; its natural heating action helps to maintain the solution’s optimal temperature Low cost Can be used for all plating processes but carbon electrodes deteriorate over a period of time and discolour swabs (discolouration does not affect the plating quality)    

Anode pad / tampon / anode sleeve / fuzzy sleeve / replacement fabric pad puffy from Betzmann Galvanik.    This puffy fabric pad / anode sleeve or also called tampon is absolutely recommended for all plating processes. Optimally suitable for all coatings and electrolytes.  The coating of larger areas is also quite fast with this pad.   The insertion hole is larger than the electrode and therefore it happens that the moist  anode pad slips off. Therefore, fix the pad on the electrode with a small rubber band.    

Galvanic Nickel Electrolyte from Betzmann Galvanik for self-nickel plating Nickel Plating Solution   Our absolutely high-quality galvanic nickel electrolyte has been specially developed for self-nickel plating and may be sold to private individuals without an end-use declaration.   Depending on the material of the workpiece as well as the detailed procedure of nickel plating you will achieve the following results: reliable corrosion protection by a layer combination such as copper-nickel chemically resistant protective layer against diluted acids, alkalis as well as air and water diffusion protection for subsequent electroplating (e.g. diffusion from a base copper layer into the covering gold layer) decorative protective coating with a high-gloss surface, which also serves as wear protection. As an electroplating nickel electrolyte, our product is suitable for bath electroplating as well as for pin electroplating and pad electroplating. During nickel plating, the magnetic properties of the workpiece are retained and it exhibits a high-gloss silver-like color with a subtle yellow tint. Just as convincing as the final result is the high deposition rate exhibited by the nickel electrolyte. Electroplated nickel - decorative or protective coating   If a simply formed workpiece or component is to be provided with a protective layer, we recommend the combination of copper and nickel. In this way, you immediately achieve reliable corrosion protection, which you would otherwise only achieve with pure nickel plating with a layer thickness of 25 to 50 µm. Only at these thicknesses does the coating have the required freedom from pores, since nickel electrolytes always deposit with fine pores. However, electroplated nickel not only protects against corrosion. The coating, which is uncomplicated to apply, is highly resistant to dilute acids and alkalis and serves as wear protection. If several electroplating steps with layers of different metals are planned, an electroplated nickel electrolyte can be used as a barrier layer. In this way, you prevent diffusion or color mixing of different layers. In all processes, it is irrelevant whether you use our nickel electrolyte for bath electroplating or for pin electroplating and pad electroplating. For decorative plating, the combination of bright nickel and chrome is ideal for reliably achieving flat surfaces, although pure bright nickel plating may be sufficient depending on the application.   Application instructions for Betzmann Galvanik's Free Nickel Nickel Electrolyte (bright nickel) Our high-performance Free Nickel Nickel Electrolyte is preferably processed at room temperature (range from 15 to 60 °C). It is suitable for all common metals, semi-precious and precious metals with the exception of aluminum, chrome (dechrome beforehand) and titanium.   If you plan to nickel plate stainless steel yourself, please be sure to use a nickel strike for pretreatment or gold plate in advance with Goldflash. to increase adhesion.   Before galvanic nickel plating, clean the workpiece particularly thoroughly. Remove rust completely and degrease the component, e.g. with isopropanol. Be sure to work with clean disposable gloves to avoid transferring skin grease to the workpiece.   The nickel electrode from Betzmann Galvanik is particularly recommended - this results in a very high range, as the nickel is permanently enriched.   Please pay attention to the following recommendations, depending on the electroplating method used. Parameters: Bath electroplating: 2-5V (approx. 3V recommended at 10cm distance) Pin electroplating: 6-12V (approx. 8-9V recommended) Current density: 0.3-1.2A/dm² (up to 3A/dm² with bath movement) Working temperature: 15-60°C pH value: approx. 4 (can be corrected e.g. with 10% sulphuric acid) Deposition speed: approx. 0.3µm/min at 1A/dm² and 20°C   Identification of the mixture: Signal word: Caution Free nickel (contains nickel sulfate, nickel dichloride, nickel bis(sulfamidate), nickel di(acetate), diammonium nickel bis(sulfate)) GHS07 H317 May cause an allergic skin reaction. H412 Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects. P102 Keep out of the reach of children. P103 Read all instructions carefully and follow them. P261 Avoid breathing dust/vapor/aerosol. P280 Wear protective gloves and eye/face protection. P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water. P333+P313 If skin irritation or rash occurs: Get medical advice/attention. P501 Do not dispose of contents/container with household waste and dispose of in accordance with regional/national regulations.