Palladium

Platinum electrode from Betzmann-Galvanik:   We know that when plating with gold or silver, you want to achieve only the best results and this is achieved by using our platinum electrode (platinized titanium). This will more than meet your requirements. It hardly wears out and leaves no black spots or stains when plating. For top quality gold plating, we recommend the use of this electrode.   Care should be taken to clean the electrode carefully after each use!     Properties "Platinum Electrode 6 mm Platinum electrode (platinized titanium with a platinum layer of 2.5 µm platinum) Ø 6 mm x 100 mm Standard electrode for experiments in electrochemistry (electroplating, electrolysis, ion migration, determination of electrochemical potentials, etc.) Spare platinum electrode for Hofmann decomposition apparatus, electrolyzer Platinum-coated titanium anodes are among the classic anode materials for electroplating because they combine the excellent electrochemical properties of platinum with the good corrosion properties of titanium. They are characterized by a long service life at high current density and are versatile in use. They are equally suitable for platinum and ruthenium baths, for hard chrome plating, as bright rhodium baths and for cathodic corrosion protection. The standard platinum layer thickness is 2.5 μm.   In order to achieve the best results when plating with gold (adhesive gold bath, bright gold plating bath) or silver, they are indispensable.   This platinum electrode will more than meet your requirements, it hardly wears out and leaves no black spots or stains when plating. For top quality gold plating, I recommend using this electrode.   Other possible applications: Water electrolysis/separation of hydrogen and oxygen, water disinfection, production of chlorates (chlorate synthesis) and perchlorates.   Recommended operating data:   Operating voltage from 3 volts distance anode/workpiece surface 5 cm anodic current intensity (specific current density) max. 75 A/dm² (7.5 mA/mm² = 750 mA/cm²), i.e. a multiple of the values typical in electroplating (0.5 ... 5 A/dm²) pH value: 0 - 11 Bath temperature max. 60 °C    

  Palladium electrolyte with 2 Gram per Liter from Betzmann Galvanik - as nickel substitute - barrier layer or as hard decorative top layer!    Palladium electrolyte - The allergen-free alternative to nickel! Palladinizing or plating with palladium is a rather rarely used galvanic coating. However, palladium plating can offer some advantages, especially as a substitute for galvanic nickel plating with a nickel electrolyte.  The advantages of palladium electrolyte compared to electroless nickel plating: Typically, a nickel electrolyte is used to apply a barrier layer of nickel between copper and gold, preventing the two metals from mixing. However, a palladium plating offers several distinct advantages over the nickel electrolyte: Palladium is more noble than nickel, meaning there is no surface corrosion, and the palladium does NOT require extra activation prior to gold plating as nickel does. The deposition rate and efficiency are excellent, i.e. there is no unwanted gas evolution. The electrolyte deposits silvery white, very bright palladium which can be used as a bright "finish". Gold plating with the Betzmann gold electrolyte for pin electroplating achieves an optimum result on palladium. In contrast to nickel electrolyte, palladium is not carcinogenic and is therefore also permitted for private users!  A very good combination for gold plating of almost all metals is:  Alkaline or acid copper depending on the metal, palladium and finally gold.  All necessary electrolytes are available in our store. Palladium can be plated on the following metals:  Copper, nickel, brass, silver, gold, on all dechromed surfaces.   Recommended voltages:  Pin electroplating: from 3 volts - Bath electroplating: 3 - 4 volts. Recommended is graphite electrode or platinum electrode from our store. Palladium content: 2 grams per liter   Main benefits;  Makes a great alternative to rhodium plating giving an authentic 18 carat white gold or platinum plated look. palladium plating solution (unlike rhodium) doesn’t etch materials made of calcium carbonate such as pearl and coral, so you won’t have to worry about masking out these materials before submerging them in your palladium plating bath. can be used as a substitute for nickel as a barrier layer for gold plating on copper and its alloys. can be used as an alternative to silver as it doesn’t tarnish and is hard-wearing. Very low porosity – excellent for corrosion protection. Readily wettable by solder and dissolves a lot more slowly than gold in the solder making it an excellent top coat over gold for electrical contacts. Operating Parameters and Deposit Data   Voltage Range 3.0 – 3.5 Temperature 18 – 25 °C Palladium Concentration 2g/l Electrode Carbon or Platinum Palladium content in plate 99.9% (balance carbon, nitrogen) Lightness (L*) of deposit 65 (Cielab) Plating Rate at (3.5 volts, carbon electrode) 0.6 micron per minute Hardness 488 Hv Density of deposit 11.85 g/cm3 Stress Stressed Special storage requirements None Shelf life 1 – 2 years Health and Safety classification Irritant Special considerations None Transport (UN number) None: Not classified as dangerous for transport       Signalword: Warning    H-phrases: H332 Harmful by inhalation. H312 Harmful in contact with skin. H302 Harmful if swallowed. P phrases: P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P301 IF INFECTED:P310 Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor/.            

Product Information "Platinum Electrode Mesh for Bath Electroplating" by Betzmann-Galvanik:   This platinized titanium anode Mesh with handle in the size 100x40 mm was coated with 5µm platinum. This platinized titanium anode is perfectly suitable for rhodium, platinum and gold plating baths, furthermore for rose gold, platinum, black nickel, black chrome, black rhodium and many more.   Properties "Platinum Electrode Mesh Platinum electrode (platinized titanium with a platinum layer of 5 µm platinum) 100 mm x 40 mm Standard electrode for experiments in electrochemistry (electroplating, electrolysis, ion migration, determination of electrochemical potentials etc.) Spare platinum electrode for Hofmann decomposition apparatus, electrolyzer Platinum-coated titanium anodes are among the classic anode materials for electroplating because they combine the excellent electrochemical properties of platinum with the good corrosion properties of titanium. They are characterized by a long service life at high current density and are versatile in use. They are equally suitable for platinum and ruthenium baths, for hard chrome plating, as bright rhodium baths and for cathodic corrosion protection. The standard platinum layer thickness is 5 μm.   In order to achieve the best results when plating with gold (adhesive gold bath, bright gold plating bath) or silver, they are indispensable.   This platinum electrode will more than meet your requirements, it hardly wears out and leaves no black spots or stains when plating. For top quality gold plating, I recommend using this electrode.   Other possible applications: Water electrolysis/separation of hydrogen and oxygen, water disinfection, production of chlorates (chlorate synthesis) and perchlorates.  Made in Germany!  Recommended operating data: Operating voltage from 3 volts distance anode/workpiece surface 5 cm anodic current intensity (specific current density) max. 75 A/dm² (7.5 mA/mm² = 750 mA/cm²), i.e. a multiple of the values typical in electroplating (0.5 ... 5 A/dm²) pH value: 0 - 11 Bath temperature max. 60 °C

White Palladium Solution with 5 grams per liter - even brighter even more radiant as a nickel replacement - barrier layer or as a hard decorative top coat!    White Palladium Electrolyte - The allergen-free alternative to nickel! White palladium electroplating or coating with palladium is a rather rarely used galvanic coating. However, white palladium plating can offer some advantages, especially as a substitute for electroplating nickel with a nickel electrolyte.    The advantages of white palladium electrolyte compared to electroless nickel plating: Typically, a nickel electrolyte is used to apply a barrier layer of nickel between copper and gold, preventing the two metals from mixing. However, a palladium plating offers several distinct advantages over the nickel electrolyte: White palladium is more noble than nickel, meaning no surface corrosion occurs, and the palladium does NOT require extra activation prior to gold plating as nickel does. The deposition rate and efficiency are excellent, which means there is no unwanted gas evolution. The electrolyte deposits bright silvery white, very light palladium which can be used as a bright "finish". Gold plating with the Betzmann gold electrolyte for pin electroplating achieves an optimum result on palladium. White palladium, in contrast to nickel electrolyte, is not carcinogenic and is therefore also permitted for private users!  A very good combination for gold plating of almost all metals is:  Alkaline or acid copper depending on the metal, palladium and finally gold.    All necessary electrolytes are available in our store.   White palladium can be plated on the following metals:  Copper, nickel, brass, silver, gold, on all dechromed surfaces.   Recommended voltages:  Pin electroplating: from 3 volts - Bath electroplating: 3 - 4 volts. Recommended is graphite electrode or platinum electrode from our store. Palladium content: 5 grams per liter   Main benefits;   Makes a great alternative to rhodium plating giving an authentic 18 carat white gold or platinum plated look. palladium plating solution (unlike rhodium) doesn’t etch materials made of calcium carbonate such as pearl and coral, so you won’t have to worry about masking out these materials before submerging them in your palladium plating bath. can be used as a substitute for nickel as a barrier layer for gold plating on copper and its alloys. can be used as an alternative to silver as it doesn’t tarnish and is hard-wearing. Very low porosity – excellent for corrosion protection. Readily wettable by solder and dissolves a lot more slowly than gold in the solder making it an excellent top coat over gold for electrical contacts. Operating Parameters and Deposit Data   Voltage Range 3.0 – 3.5 Temperature 18 – 25 °C Palladium Concentration 5g/l Electrode Carbon or Platinum Palladium content in plate 99.9% (balance carbon, nitrogen) Lightness (L*) of deposit 65 (Cielab) Plating Rate at (3.5 volts, carbon electrode) 0.6 micron per minute Hardness 488 Hv Density of deposit 11.85 g/cm3 Stress Stressed Special storage requirements None Shelf life 1 – 2 years Health and Safety classification Irritant Special considerations None Transport (UN number) None: Not classified as dangerous for transport     Signalword: Warning    H-phrases: H332 Harmful by inhalation. H312 Harmful in contact with skin. H302 Harmful if swallowed. P phrases: P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P301 IF INFECTED:P310 Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor/.  

White Palladium Electrolyte - White Palladium Bath - with 10 Gram per Liter - The allergen-free alternative to nickel! White palladium electroplating or coating with palladium is a rather rarely used galvanic coating. However, white palladium plating can offer some advantages, especially as a substitute for electroplating nickel with a nickel electrolyte.    The advantages of white palladium electrolyte compared to electroless nickel plating: Typically, a nickel electrolyte is used to apply a barrier layer of nickel between copper and gold, preventing the two metals from mixing. However, a palladium plating offers several distinct advantages over the nickel electrolyte:   White palladium is more noble than nickel, meaning no surface corrosion occurs, and the palladium does NOT require extra activation prior to gold plating as nickel does.   The deposition rate and efficiency are excellent, which means there is no unwanted gas evolution. The electrolyte deposits bright silvery white, very light palladium which can be used as a bright "finish". Gold plating with the Betzmann gold electrolyte for pin electroplating achieves an optimum result on palladium. White palladium, in contrast to nickel electrolyte, is not carcinogenic and is therefore also permitted for private users!    A very good combination for gold plating of almost all metals is:  Alkaline or acid copper depending on the metal, palladium and finally gold.  All necessary electrolytes are available in our store. White palladium can be plated on the following metals:  Copper, nickel, brass, silver, gold, on all dechromed surfaces.   Recommended voltages:  Pin electroplating: from 3 volts - Bath electroplating: 3 - 4 volts. Recommended is graphite electrode or platinum electrode from our store. Palladium content: 10 grams per liter   Main benefits;   Makes a great alternative to rhodium plating giving an authentic 18 carat white gold or platinum plated look. palladium plating solution (unlike rhodium) doesn’t etch materials made of calcium carbonate such as pearl and coral, so you won’t have to worry about masking out these materials before submerging them in your palladium plating bath. can be used as a substitute for nickel as a barrier layer for gold plating on copper and its alloys. can be used as an alternative to silver as it doesn’t tarnish and is hard-wearing. Very low porosity – excellent for corrosion protection. Readily wettable by solder and dissolves a lot more slowly than gold in the solder making it an excellent top coat over gold for electrical contacts. Operating Parameters and Deposit Data   Voltage Range 3.0 – 3.5 Temperature 18 – 25 °C Palladium Concentration 10g/l Electrode Carbon or Platinum Palladium content in plate 99.9% (balance carbon, nitrogen) Lightness (L*) of deposit 65 (Cielab) Plating Rate at (3.5 volts, carbon electrode) 0.6 micron per minute Hardness 488 Hv Density of deposit 11.85 g/cm3 Stress Stressed Special storage requirements None Shelf life 1 – 2 years Health and Safety classification Irritant Special considerations None Transport (UN number) None: Not classified as dangerous for transport      Signalword: Warning    H-phrases: H332 Harmful by inhalation. H312 Harmful in contact with skin. H302 Harmful if swallowed. P phrases: P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P301 IF INFECTED:P310 Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor/.  

White palladium with 2 grams per liter - even brighter even more radiant as a nickel replacement - barrier layer or as a hard decorative top coat!    White Palladium Electrolyte - The allergen-free alternative to nickel! White palladium electroplating or coating with palladium is a rather rarely used galvanic coating. However, white palladium plating can offer some advantages, especially as a substitute for electroplating nickel with a nickel electrolyte.    The advantages of white palladium electrolyte compared to electroless nickel plating: Typically, a nickel electrolyte is used to apply a barrier layer of nickel between copper and gold, preventing the two metals from mixing. However, a palladium plating offers several distinct advantages over the nickel electrolyte: White palladium is more noble than nickel, meaning no surface corrosion occurs, and the palladium does NOT require extra activation prior to gold plating as nickel does. The deposition rate and efficiency are excellent, which means there is no unwanted gas evolution. The electrolyte deposits bright silvery white, very light palladium which can be used as a bright "finish". Gold plating with the Betzmann gold electrolyte for pin electroplating achieves an optimum result on palladium. White palladium, in contrast to nickel electrolyte, is not carcinogenic and is therefore also permitted for private users!  A very good combination for gold plating of almost all metals is:  Alkaline or acid copper depending on the metal, palladium and finally gold.    All necessary electrolytes are available in our store.   White palladium can be plated on the following metals:  Copper, nickel, brass, silver, gold, on all dechromed surfaces.   Recommended voltages:  Pin electroplating: from 3 volts - Bath electroplating: 3 - 4 volts. Recommended is graphite electrode or platinum electrode from our store. Palladium content: 2 grams per liter   Main benefits;   Makes a great alternative to rhodium plating giving an authentic 18 carat white gold or platinum plated look. palladium plating solution (unlike rhodium) doesn’t etch materials made of calcium carbonate such as pearl and coral, so you won’t have to worry about masking out these materials before submerging them in your palladium plating bath. can be used as a substitute for nickel as a barrier layer for gold plating on copper and its alloys. can be used as an alternative to silver as it doesn’t tarnish and is hard-wearing. Very low porosity – excellent for corrosion protection. Readily wettable by solder and dissolves a lot more slowly than gold in the solder making it an excellent top coat over gold for electrical contacts. Operating Parameters and Deposit Data   Voltage Range 3.0 – 3.5 Temperature 18 – 25 °C Palladium Concentration 2g/l Electrode Carbon or Platinum Palladium content in plate 99.9% (balance carbon, nitrogen) Lightness (L*) of deposit 65 (Cielab) Plating Rate at (3.5 volts, carbon electrode) 0.6 micron per minute Hardness 488 Hv Density of deposit 11.85 g/cm3 Stress Stressed Special storage requirements None Shelf life 1 – 2 years Health and Safety classification Irritant Special considerations None Transport (UN number) None: Not classified as dangerous for transport